The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a severe distribution disease of the bone joints, which is associated with damage to the cartilage tissue that covers the entire surface of the joints.
Such destruction of cartilage tissue is caused by violations in the blood circulation of small bone vessels.The diagnosis of osteoarthritis is generally performed by older people for 50 years, and most of them are women.At the same time, the joint cartilage becomes thinner and loses its depreciation and fibrosity properties, which does not soften the periodic blows of the body and the knee joint.
Symptoms of knee osteosis
The main symptom of knee osteoarthritis is a severe pain in the knee area, whose nature and intensity changes over time.In general, pain becomes simply unbearable during the movement, in the position of the rest they can intensify or retire.The patient may have severe deformations and edema in the area of the affected joint, and there is also a characteristic crunch when walking.In addition, the patient has an inflammatory reaction in the synovial joint membrane, which causes cartilage swelling and an increase in cartilage in volumes.The pathology of this disease is a decrease in articulation mobility, a limitation in mobility and the appearance of a sense of stiffness of the joints.
It is worth noting that the osteoarthritis of the joints can affect the most different areas of the patient's body, but the most common are species such as the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the disease of the osteoarthritis of the lumbosacus and the cervical spaces, as well as the osteoarthritis of the humerus, the complex osteoarthritis of the ankle joint and the brushes, and also the articulation of the ascending joint.Each form of osteoarthritis is associated with the deformation of bone tissue, so it can be called deforming osteoarthritis of the knee joint or a grooved control.In general, the name deforming osteoarthritis, osteoarthrosis, osteoarthritis, osteoarthritis are considered synonyms by international classification.It is worth noting that the deforming osteoarthritis of the hip joint can cause very serious disorders in the operation of the musculoskeletal system.Therefore, the early diagnosis of this disease helps preserve the physical capacity of the patient.With the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, there is a remarkable deformation of the leg, its curvature, deviation of the axis of the leg of the straight line, which always leads to the impossibility of working in the joint and the difficulty in its work.
Deforming the osteoarthritis of the knee joints
Osteoarthrosis or the deforming osteoarthritis of one or two knee joints is a degenerative-dystophical disease.Typically, the main factor for the development of this disease is the constant load in the knee joints.In addition, women suffer from this disease twice more often than men.In general, the osteoarthritis of the knee joint is progressing very slowly, and its frequent symptoms are pronounced pain.At the beginning of the disease, the pain appears only after walking prolonged, when lifting, wearing weights or when the stairs descend.The increase in pain in humid and cold climate is also characteristic.In the future, pain only intensifies and acquires a constant character.On the internal cover of the joint, a reactive and wandering inflammatory process is developed, and a sudden exacerbation of pain can also occur.As a result, the knee joint increases in size and swells.In addition, the process decreases and then resumes again in adverse conditions.
The treatment of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint includes the restriction of physical effort in the joint, however, it is necessary to perform physiotherapy exercises, because the movements made by the articulation allow to maintain joint mobility and improve the nutrition of its elements.All exercises are selected using the treatment of physiotherapy exercises or an exercise therapy doctor.Such exercises are carried out every day.The only condition for the exercises is the discharge of the knee joint, that is, all the exercises are carried out in a sitting and liar position.It is still very useful to swim and perform exercises in the pool.In spite of which the articulation is surprised, the physiotherapy exercises are prescribed to both joints.Patients are recommended by massage in the knee joint area, the lower leg and hip muscles.This allows you to improve the blood circulation of the joint and also help support the legs of the legs in excellent condition.
To eliminate pain syndrome, the doctor prescribes non -steroid anti -inflammatory medications and analgesics.Different analgesic and irritating ointments are also prescribed.To improve blood supply, venotonic and vasocorregulator drugs are prescribed.For a long time, medications were prescribed that improve the condition of the joint cartilage, these are condoprotectors.When conservative therapy methods become ineffective, they turn to surgical treatment.If the main function of the articulation has been preserved and there are no contractures, then a small surgery is possible, that is, arthroscopy using endoscopic technology.During the operation, the Board is washed, then all the destroyed fragments of the cartilage are eliminated, the osteophytes are eliminated.This operation is palliative, however, with a slight trauma, it allows you to improve the joint for 2-3 years.And if there is a great defeat from the outside or within the joint, a slight curvature of the lower leg, then the doctor can prescribe an underlying osteotomy and underlying valging for the tibia with serious injuries of the internal part of the knee joint.
The causes of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The main causes of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint are associated with a greater physical activity of medium -sized people, because there is a violation of the blood supply and the nutrition of the cartilage joints, which leads to the functional failure of the joints.The osteoarthritis of the knee joints develops as a result of factors such as the lack of collagen of the second type, articular lesions of various types of origin, acquired joint diseases, a genetic factor, that is, a predisposition to a congenital disease of bones and joints.The cause of this disease can be overweight, which always causes a greater load in the joints, general overload of the legs of the legs, as well as violations in metabolism.In order for the joints to work successfully, and osteoarthritis does not cause inconveniences during work activity, it must take care of their health, prevent diseases and protect their joints.To obtain good treatment results, it is necessary to obtain a precise diagnosis, which is achieved using several methods to examine the disease.
The degree of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
During radiological clinical research, several stages of osteoarthritis can be identified.For example, first grade osteoarthritis is characterized by a small narrowing of the articulation gap itself, a restriction in the movement and pointing the edges of the joint surface.If the patient has a second degree, then he has significant traffic restrictions, as well as a strong crunch in the joint.And during the exam, the doctor discovers osteophytes, reducing in the articular gap and a cyst.When the patient has a third degree of osteoarthritis, it has a complete restriction in motion, as well as the deformation of the joints, and the seals, osteophytes, epiphyses and subcondral cysts appear on their surface.
In an arthroscopic exam, the doctor reveals: With the first grade osteoarthritis, the patient feels softening the cartilage, in the second stage, small tears and cracks are observed on the surface of the joint, with the third degree of disease, the patient reveals characteristic changes in cartilage tissues in thickness, but there is no opportunity to consider the bone tissue.In the fourth stage of osteoarthritis, the surface of the joint is full of areas where there is no cartilage.And to download the sick joint, great physical effort should be avoided and motor activity should be reduced.And with the help of special orthosis, canes, crutches, it can significantly reduce the effect on the painful joint.
Treatment of knee osteoarthritis
In the treatment of osteoarthritis, tablets and ointment, they are prescribed that they relieve pain and also counteract inflammatory processes, prescribe physiotherapeutic procedures that slow down the process of destruction of the joints.In more serious cases, joint endoprothetic are prescribed, after which conservative and rehabilitation treatment will be required.A diet is also necessary for those patients suffering from excess body weight, as well as disorders of metabolic processes.In addition, dietary nutrition should be rich in microelements and nutrients, which will be sufficient for the processes of creating new tissues and cells that occur in the patient's body.Only a dietary doctor selects a diet that will take into account the patient's health status.It is very important to know that restriction and eating in food damages the joints.In the treatment, you can use orthosis, crutches and special canes that will download the patient with additional physical activity.
The treatment complex includes gymnastics for the knee joint, which occupies a very important place.Gymnastics is prescribed to the patient to prevent their contractures, to improve blood circulation, as well as to increase muscle tone.Therefore, it is necessary to carry out the morning gymnastics, which will prepare the painful for the next house loads.To strengthen all stages of the treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the doctor recommends spa treatment.
It is worth noting that knee osteoarthritis is one of the most common diseases found in many ancient athletes.This is due to the fact that in their youth these people underwent enormous stress, injuries, the microtrauma of the joints, ligament ruptures and multiple bruises.And since muscle mass can fix the joints, the first symptoms of osteoarthritis become invisible.However, the deviation of sport begins to cause the weakening of the athlete's muscular framework, so microtraumas become painful and the joints begin to be spaced.The complex exercises that must be obtained in the physiotherapy room, as well as strictly perform these exercises 3-4 times a day, are also very useful.Of course, these exercises should be taken seriously, especially while getting up from a liar position.And after a difficult day, the patient is recommended to rest and peace, for 30-40 minutes.
Even the treatment of knee osteoarthritis includes general recommendations such as wearing shoes only in a convenient high height, the patient must lead a mobile lifestyle, and should not bend the feet to each other when he sits.It is advisable to download the legs of the legs after the end of the hard day of labor, they can be the "bicycle" exercises, thanks to which the legs move in the air, which perfectly relieves the static tension that arose in the joints.In addition, Aquaerobic is very useful, which is an excellent remedy to eliminate fatigue in the legs, which has accumulated throughout the day, and also increases mood and becomes a good means to lose weight.In addition, the treatment of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint can be complemented with special heating compresses that contain alcohol, can use warm baths with the addition of coniferous oils in the absence of allergies to them.These procedures must be carried out only at night or before bedtime.In addition, other treatment methods, for example, treatment with popular methods that depend completely on the patient, become effective.However, before using popular treatment methods in the treatment of osteoarthritis, it is necessary to consult with the treating doctor and follow all their recommendations and advice.
In the most advanced stages of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, surgical treatment methods are allowed, since conservative treatment in this situation will no longer bring results.When the patient has constant spasms and serious restrictions in the movement, the doctor's testimony becomes surgery.In most cases, such symptoms are already diagnosed in 2-3 stages of the disease.Surgical treatment of osteoarthritis includes correcting osteotomy, that is, it is a correction of joint deformations, in addition to improving the functionality of the joint.A similar operation is carried out only if it is possible to save the articulation, in this case the expected effect will become positive and can remain for ten years.In more advanced situations in the last stages, endoprotetics of the affected joint are prescribed, that is, the joint is replaced.This is the most appropriate solution to replace the already affected joint with a special implant.This method of treating the osteoarthritis of the hip joint can have a second name: "Gold standard".
When the signs of osteoarthritis of the knee joints have not yet been felt and are very bad and rare, this does not become the reason to visit the doctor of an orthopedic traumatologist, therefore, the person's forces can prevent such serious ailment of the joints.First, adequate nutrition, moderate physical activity, the maintenance of the normal exchange process and the index of the entire body, as well as special exercises that can support the musculoskeletal system in good working conditions.However, if suddenly there are suspicions of osteoarthritis of the knee joint, then you should seek medical professional help immediately, as well as start the necessary treatment, which is generally complex.
Popular treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee joint
There are many popular methods to treat the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, which differ in its effectiveness and help only in the initial stages of the disease.
A compress with spicy radish, helping for joint pain
For many years, many people cannot cure osteoarthritis, so they use all available methods and one of them, this is a compress with spicy radish, thanks to which they can cure deforming osteoarthritis, relieve inflammation and reduce acute pain.
To prepare this compress, you must dig or buy fresh root of spicy radish, then dwell in a very thin grater.All the contents obtained must be lowered to the water and steamed over low heat, but the water should not reach a boil.After 15 minutes, cool the broth and the resulting composition must be placed in the canvas tissue, but first this tissue must be moistened in the resulting decoction.The curtain cloth should be put in an affected area.It is advisable to stock up on the roots of the spicy radish for winter and use it as necessary.
Compress for the treatment of osteoarthritis
Many older people suffer from osteoarthritis pain and use all available treatment methods.One of them are special compresses that give good results and differ significantly in effect of pharmacological treatment.To prepare the compress, 5% medical iodine, 10% ammonia, glycerin, medical biliary honey are required.All these components must be taken in equal and well mixed proportions.Then they should make 10 days in a dark place.Before use, the mixture must be shaken and compressed with it.Previously, the mixture must be heated in a water bath, and then moisten a napkin and put it in a sore joint at night.At the top of the joint, you must place cellophane and then cover with a wool with a cloth.This treatment must be carried out every day until the pain decreases.